Predator Drones and Other Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

The Predator is a nickname given to one in a series of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), or pilotless drones, operated by the Pentagon, the CIA and, increasingly, other agencies of the U.S. federal government such as the border patrol. Combat-ready UAVs are used mostly in the Middle East. The UAVs are equipped with sensitive camera and spying equipment that provides real-time reconnaissance or intelligence. It can be equipped with laser-guided missiles and bombs. The drones are used with increasing frequency in Afghanistan, Pakistans tribal areas and in Iraq. The Predator, officially identified as the Predator MQ-1, was the first--and remains the most commonly used--pilotless drone in combat operations in the Balkans, Southwest Asia, and the Middle East since its first flight in 1995. By 2003, the Pentagon had about 90 UAVs in its arsenal. Its unclear how many UAVs were in the CIAs possession. Many were and still are. The fleets are growing. The Predator itself has already entered the gallery of American lore. Advantages of UAVs Unmanned aerial vehicles, or UAVs, are smaller than jet aircraft, less expensive, and dont put pilots at risk when they crash. At about $22 million apiece for next-generation UAVs (the so-called Reaper and Sky Warrior), the drones are increasingly a weapon of choice for military planners. The Obama administrations 2010 military budget includes approximately $3.5 billion for UAVs. In comparison, the Pentagon is paying more than $100 million apiece for its next-generation fighter jets, the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (the Pentagon plans to buy 2,443 for $300 billion. While UAVs require considerable ground-based logistical support, they can be piloted by individuals specifically trained to fly UAVs rather than by pilots. Training for UAVs is less expensive and exacting than for jets. Disadvantages of UAVs The Predator has been publicly praised by the Pentagon as a versatile and low-risk means of gathering intelligence and striking targets. But an internal Pentagon report completed in October 2001 concluded that tests conducted in 2000 found that the Predator performed well only in daylight and in clear weather, according to the New York Times. It broke down too often, could not stay over targets as long as expected, often lost communication links in the rain and was hard to operate, the report said. According to the Project on Government Oversight, the Predator cannot be launched in adverse weather, including any visible moisture such as rain, snow, ice, frost or fog; nor can it take off or land in crosswinds of greater than 17 knots. By 2002, more than 40% of the Pentagons original fleet of Predators had crashed or been lost, in more than half those cases due to mechanical failure. The drones cameras are unreliable. Further, PGO concluded, Because it cannot evade radar detection, flies slow, is noisy, and must often hover at relatively low altitudes, the Predator is vulnerable to being shot down by enemy fire. In fact, an estimated 11 of the 25 Predators destroyed in crashes reportedly were caused by enemy ground fire or missiles. The drones do put people on the ground at risk when the planes malfunction and crash, which they do, and when they fire their missiles, often at the wrong targets). UAVs Uses In 2009, Federal Customs and Border Protection launched UAVs from an Air Force base in Fargo, N.D., to patrol the border between the United States and Canada. The first flight of the Predator in Afghanistan took place on Sept. 7, 2000. Several times it had Osama bin Laden in its sights, its weapons ready to fire. Then-CIA Director George Tenet refused to authorize the strikes either for fear of killing civilians or of the political fallout from a missile that didnt hit its target. Various Types of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles The Predator B, or MQ-9 Reaper, for example, a turboprop drone built by General Dynamics subsidiary General Atomics Aeronautical Systems Inc., can fly at 50,000 feet for up to 30 hours on a single fueling (its fuel tanks have a 4,000-lb. capacity). It can cruise at a maximum speed of 240 miles per hour and carry almost 4,000 pounds of laser-guided bombs, missiles, and other ordnance. The Sky Warrior is smaller, with a weapons payload of four Hellfire missiles. It can fly at a maximum of 29,000 feet and at 150 miles per hour, for 30 hours on a single fuel tank. Northrop Grumman is developing the RQ-4 Global Hawk UAV. The plane, which completed its first flight in March 2007, has a wingspan of 116 feet (about half that of a Boeing 747), a payload of 2,000 pounds and can fly at a maximum altitude of 65,000 feet and at more than 300 miles per hour. It can cruise between 24 and 35 hours on one tank of fuel. An earlier version of the Global Hawk was approved for use in Afghanistan as far back as 2001. Insitu Inc., a Boeing subsidiary, also builds UAVs. Its ScanEagle is an extremely small flying machine noted for its stealthiness. It has a wingspan of 10.2 feet and is 4.5 feet long, with a maximum weight of 44 pounds. It can fly at an altitude of up to 19,000 feet for more than 24 hours. Chang Industry, Inc., of La Verne, Calif., markets a five-pound aircraft with a four-foot wing and a unit cost of $5,000.

Essay on Inclusion of Students with Disabilities - 2995 Words

Schools in today’s society are rapidly changing and growing striving to implement the best practices in their schools. Nonetheless, before a school can implement a program in their school, they need reliable evidence that the new program will work. A new program that schools are aiming to implement is inclusion in the classroom because of the benefits inclusion could bring. The implementation of inclusion is strongly connected by people’s attitudes whether they are positive or negative. However, while inclusion is being widely implemented, there is comparatively little data on its effectiveness. It may be that inclusion benefits some areas such as reading and social skills, more than it does others. In order for inclusion to be†¦show more content†¦Orr (2009) conducted interviews with special education teachers and the attitudes they have seen in their schools since inclusion was implemented in their schools. Orr (2009) chose fifteen teachers, which included fourteen female and one male teacher who agreed to participate in the study so it was a purposive criterion sample. Twelve of the fifteen teachers taught in a suburban area, two in a rural area, and one in an urban area; but they varied in the age they taught and school. Seven of the fifteen teachers taught in a self-contained classroom while the remaining eight taught in a resource room, where they only saw a student for less than an hour or two a day. Another pattern that showed was that many teachers found that they did not receive any classes that focused on differentiation or inclusion while completing their undergraduate work (Orr 2009). These results are important when considering the implementation of inclus ion because it may mean that there is a need to reteach teachers. It is important to consider professional development classes district-wide before implementing inclusion in the classroom. While it is important to consider the attitudes of current teachers, it is also important to be informed of future teacher’s perception of inclusion because they will be the driving force of a school or classroom. Forlin and Chambers (2011) wanted to see the attitudes of pre-service teachers and theirShow MoreRelatedInclusion Of Inclusion For Students With Disabilities Essay1533 Words   |  7 PagesIt is imperative that inclusion techniques be implemented in the classroom. Studies and research show that implementing inclusion techniques in the classroom have immense positive impacts on all students. As a result of these findings there is a rise in legislation being passed that fosters inclusion on a broader scale. Furthermore, it is necessary to apply inclusion techniques from a young age in order to ensure the greatest success. In my opinion the application of inclusion technique’s in classroomsRead MoreInclusion For Students With Disabilities834 Words   |  4 Pag es Inclusion Position Paper Valerie Simmons University of West Alabama SE 506 Dr. Nichols July 1, 2015 Inclusion in the classroom is a widely debated issue in education today. Inclusive education means that students with disabilities are supported in chronologically age appropriate general education classrooms in schools near their home. These students also receive the specialized instruction outlined by their individualized education programs (IEP s) within the context of the coreRead MoreInclusion Of Students With Disabilities2882 Words   |  12 Pages in the American Public School, is the move toward full inclusion of students with disabilities. There has been a rapid rise in the number of students with disabilities who are spending their school day in a general education classroom under the guise of full inclusion. The practice of inclusion came about as a â€Å"natural outgrowth of the Mainstreaming movement,† during the 1960 s (Fruchter). Inclusion is based on the â€Å"rights of the students and the social benefits† that they receive from being inRead MoreInclus ion Of Students With Disabilities1075 Words   |  5 Pagesdecade Inclusion in special education has been a controversial topic among administration, teachers, and parents. Inclusion represents the belief that students with disabilities should be integrated into the general education classroom whether or not they cannot meet traditional curriculum standards. The purpose of the study is to examine the potential advantages and disadvantages of inclusion of students with disabilities into the general education classroom. The hypothesis is that students with disabilitiesRead MoreInclusion Of Students With Disabilities1252 Words   |  6 PagesI am extremely in favor of inclusion of students with disabilities. Inclusion can be defined as an option in which the education of a child is taken into consideration. For example, it involves the students with disabilities pursuing most or all of their education within an ordinary school setting with their other classmates that do not have di sabilities. Inclusion has many objectives, but the most important objective of inclusion would definitely have to be in that it is a program that supportsRead MoreInclusion Of Students With Disabilities Essay1837 Words   |  8 Pagesmove toward full inclusion of students with disabilities. There has been a rapid rise in the number of students with disabilities who are spending their school day in a general education classroom under the guise of full inclusion. Inclusion is purported to be based on the rights of the students and the social benefits that they receive from being in a general education classroom. There are many who see this as a solution to the problem of how to best educate children with disabilities. Is includingRead MoreInclusion Of Students With Mental Disabilities1551 Words   |  7 Pagesis a term that expresses a commitment to teaching children with physical, mental, and learning disabilities in the classroom they would attend otherwise (to the greatest exten t possible). In inclusive schools, support services are brought to the students as opposed to them leaving class to receive the help they require. This paper is going to focus on the inclusion of students with mental disabilities who are usually separated in special education classrooms. For parents and educators alike, theRead MoreInclusion For Students With Disabilities And Benefits For The Students Essay1987 Words   |  8 Pageshave inclusion in an early childhood classroom. There are benefits for the students with disabilities and benefits for the typically developed student. Not only are their benefits for the students, but teachers also benefit from inclusion in the classroom. Inclusion also shows diversity and shows the differences between peers. Teachers will have to differentiate their instruction and support the needs of all their students. Some people will believe there are too many concerns for inclusion in theRead MoreInclusion For Students With Learning Disabilities2 259 Words   |  10 Pages 12 [Inclusion for students with learning disabilities] [Inclusion for students with learning disabilities] 13 The Inclusion for Students with Learning Disabilities in Special Education Lehigh University Bowei Chen Many researches show that students with learning disabilities have a high rate of victimization. This paper gives few case studies about how elementary schools implement the policy and guidelines to inclusive the students with learning disabilities. The purposeRead MoreInclusion Of Special Needs For Students With Disabilities1173 Words   |  5 Pageseducation system to include students with disabilities, there has being an ongoing research topic of inclusion. Inclusion, in this area, means the full inclusion of students with special needs in the general education classroom. The research and the debates about the issue of whether or not there should be full inclusion of Special Education students in all general education classrooms in all public schools throughout the United States rages on. The number of students with special needs that are

The On Signs Of Biosocial, Cognitive And Psychosocial...

Many children await the day when they can be considered grown up. For them it represents a time where they possess more rights and privileges. However, for middle children which are between the ages of 7 through12 this time may seem more like a nightmare because it marks the time when they undergo physical and mental changes. These physical and mental changes have a major impact on their development. The subject in this scenario is a little boy named Mark who is being bullied at school by a group of older boys to the point that he has received bruises from the encounters. As a result, Mark dislikes going to school for the fear of being embarrassed or hurt and the looming threat of recurring bodily harm if he asks for help from the teachers. This situation has become so serious that Mark is barely eating and has withdrawn himself from his peers in efforts to avoid the boys who are bulling him. After examining the above scenario, this paper will explain Mark’s different issues b ased on signs of biosocial, cognitive and psychosocial development and discuss what should be done to help Mark succeed in his current situation based on research. After examining Mark’s scenario it was clear to see the developmental issues faced by this young man from various domains. For example, in Marks situation he shows signs of middle childhood biosocial development by how he assumes that the bullying is caused by his size and how he blames himself for the situation. In the book, The DevelopingShow MoreRelatedDevelopmental Theories of the Movie Precious Essays758 Words   |  4 PagesDevelopmental Theories in The Notebook Brianna Gallegos University of New Mexico N224 Developmental Theories in The Notebook The Notebook demonstrates the growth and development theories including biosocial, psychosocial, and cognitive. The Notebook is a movie about a young couple who falls in love. The woman, Allie, is from a wealthy family who is discouraged when she has fallen in love with a young man, Noah, who only makes .40 cents an hour (Cassavetes, 2004). The story is told throughRead MoreEssay About on Gold Pond1639 Words   |  7 PagesThe movie On Golden Pond represents three stages of development: adolescence, middle-adulthood, and late-adulthood. In the movie, Billy, Chelsea and Norman, three of the main characters symbolize the three stages of development by specific behaviors related to biosocial, cognitive, and psychosocial developments. It was necessary for the three characters to break down during hard situations in their lives to start appreciating the different seasons of their lives, the transition from adolescence toRead MoreThe Movie The Boy s The Striped Pajamas Essay1303 Words à ‚  |  6 Pagesdevastating consequences of war from an unusual point of view. However together, their tragic journey helps recall the millions of innocent victims during the Holocaust. Biosocial Development: Physical activity: During middle childhood, children continue to build and improve their gross motor skills. More complex behavioral and cognitive abilities become possible as the central nervous system matures. At one point in the film, Bruno and his friends are play fighting with guns. They don’t actually haveRead MoreLife Span Perspective Essay1187 Words   |  5 PagesProfessor Deborah Wilkerson, M.A., ABD The study of human development is a science. It is based on theories, data, analysis, critical thinking, and sound methodology (Berger). Five characteristics of Development that will be discussed in this paper are multidirectional, multi-contextual, multicultural, multidisciplinary and plasticity. There are also five theories of development which are psychoanalytical, behaviorism, cognitive, socio-cultural, and epigenetic theory. Together these characteristicsRead MoreChild Observation Paper1802 Words   |  8 Pagestoys to be put away. When she was done washing her hands, she sat down for circle time. Athena showed Biosocial Development on a couple of occasions. Athena was able to walk, run, jump and skip, which showed that she had achieved gross motor skills. When Athena picked up small pieces of tissue paper and stuck them to her â€Å"fish†, she showed she had mastered fine motor skills. Cognitive Development was demonstrated quite a bit by Athena. An example is when Athena did social mediation by answeringRead MoreA Observation On Preschool Observation1907 Words   |  8 PagesPRESCHOOL OBSERVATION 1. THE SETTING: I got an appointment for observation on July 13 at De-Anza Child Development Center. I chose room No. 26 for observation. I observed one child from 3:26 P.M. to 4:00 P.M. There are total 10 children present in room no.26 at the time of my observation. Out of 10 there are 4 girls and 6 boys. They range from 3 to 5 years of age. There are three adults in the room, all are female. One adult for every 3 children- 1:3. When I entered kids are doing free play. I settledRead MorePreschool Observation Paper3113 Words   |  13 PagesSETTING The date of my observation was April 27th, 2010. It was about 9:30 in the morning when I began my study. I went to Grossmont College’s Child Development Center. The first thing I began looking for was if the child-teacher ratio was correct. The child ratio was 2 teachers to about every 8 children. The ratio was good. As I entered there was one large room that almost looked as if it could be two rooms they way it was set up. One half consisted of a large bookshelf with numerous

Music of the Vietnam Era Essay - 1232 Words

Music of the Vietnam Era The use of music to convey social commentary was certainly not unique to the Vietnam War. However, what made the music so significant was its versatility. It quickly captured and reflected public opinion as it developed, and offered expression regardless of race, gender, status or political orientation. As a result, there was no one song that captured the essence of the Vietnam War. Words about war have been put to music for generations, but usually in a positive manner. World War Is Over There and Im a Yankee Doodle Dandy seemed to characterize the prevailing mood about Americas role in that struggle. I Didnt Raise My Boy to be a Soldier also had an audience, but a smaller one by comparison. World†¦show more content†¦The song peaked at number 21 on Billboards chart, but still managed to put the issue of war squarely in front of the American public. By 1965, music about Vietnam was emerging as a genre of its own, even though it was still competing with music denouncing war in general. The previous year, Lyndon Johnson had won election as president by promising not to send American boys to fight a war Asian boys ought to be fighting. In March 1965, U.S. combat troops began arriving in Vietnam, the first installment of nearly 200,000 American soldiers destined for deployment that year. The gap between words and deeds was not lost on folk singer Tom Paxton, whose ballad Lyndon Johnson Told a Nation zeroed in on Johnsons apparent hypocrisy. It shared air play with Barry McGuires Eve of Destruction, which touched not only on the danger of nuclear war, but also on the irony of young men old enough to fight but too young to vote. The first major anti-war demonstrations were also held in 1965, organized by groups such as the Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) and choreographed by singer-songwriters such as Phil Ochs. I Aint Marchin g Anymore, a general antiwar commentary, was quickly followed by White Boots Marching in a Yellow Land and We Seek No Wider War, a response to President Johnsons assurance of his desire for world peace, while at the same time escalating the war in Vietnam. None of Ochss songs ever reach Billboards Top 100. Most pop music radioShow MoreRelatedHow Music Affected the Anti-Vietnam Movement1226 Words   |  5 Pageswas the Vietnam War. As World War II ended, the young males returned to their homes. They began families which brought a significant number of new children into the world. This dramatic increase in the number of births is called the Baby Boom. The Baby Boomers were new generation of people. As the world started to recover from the war, time passed, but as the saying goes â€Å"History will repeat itself† (George Santanaya, 1905). As time passed a conflict between the United States and Vietnam eruptedRead MoreThe Vietnam Era Essay1135 Words   |  5 Pages The Vietnam Era HUMN-303N: Introduction to Humanities Professor Stacey Donald DeVry University During the decades prior to the eighties the two most important issues the U.S. was facing were the war in Vietnam and civil rights. This era changed the way the public was able view the events, there was television and photography which allowed the world to see for the first time what war was about and journalism was not always unbiased. This era was an era of advancementRead MoreIn the 1960s, People Turned to Music for Hope, Peace, and Happiness1215 Words   |  5 PagesDuring the 1960s and the early 1970s, music reflected the political and social changes that America was undergoing at the time. Some of these major changes included the African-American civil rights movement and the conflict over America’s role in the Vietnam War. During these hard times, people turned to music for hope, peace, happiness and answers. The African-American civil rights movement was a cruel time for the African American race to endure due to the harsh discrimination and segregationRead MoreHendrix and Vietnam1205 Words   |  5 PagesThe Relationship Between The Vietnam War And Music Of The U.S.A. Case Study: Jimi Hendrix This essay looks at musician Jimi Hendrixs musical reactions to the American involvement in the Vietnam War. This research has taken place as part of a larger piece of work examining the links between the Vietnam War and Music in the U.S.A. US troops became officially involved in the war from 1965 and didnt withdraw until 1973 following the signing of the Paris Peace Accords. During this time 58Read MoreMusic And Cartoons Of The Vietnam War1710 Words   |  7 PagesAjax Diamandis Ms. Harris AP US History June 8, 2015 Art as History: Music and Cartoons of the Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1955-1975) was the longest war the United States has ever fought in and also the most controversial. Many Americans protested against sending their children across seas to fight in a war that did not involve the United States. Millions asked for a return to isolationism such as the 1920s. Meanwhile many protests went viral as the National Guard interfered, killing four at KentRead MoreEssay on Protest Songs Throughout the Vietnam War1445 Words   |  6 Pagesmarches during the Vietnam War, it is interesting to note the changes in the music of that time. From the beginning of the war, where support and loyalty from Americans was present in songs, to the end of the war, where anger and distrust was evident in musical lyrics, American’s opinion changed about the war. This change in opinion was easily recognized by the altering of musical lyrics about the war when Americans grew tired of the constant sending of U.S. troops to Vietnam. The growing dissatisfactio nRead More 1960s Essay examples1119 Words   |  5 Pages The 1960’s – an Era of Discord nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;A young black man is brutally murdered for a harmless comment to a white woman. A mother distresses over the discovery of her son’s rock and roll collection. A United States soldier sits in a trench in Vietnam contemplating the reason for his sitting knee-deep in mud. The 1960’s was marked with confusion, insecurity and rebellion. It was a period of time when Americans stood up and took full advantage of liberalism in America and theirRead MoreMusic s Influence On America1467 Words   |  6 Pages Intro Music Music’s Influence on America in the Last Century This class is my first opportunity at exploring music through a broad and historical lens. Certainly I’ve learned plenty of information about how music is composed and what elements go into creating the music we have today. However, my favorite part of the class was learning about the history of American music and how it influenced culture. One could argue that culture affected music first, or vice versa. In my opinion, there areRead MoreThe Influene of World War II on the Social Norm and Art Movements of America1779 Words   |  7 PagesOnce World War II ended, it was like large weight had been lifted of the shoulders of not only the American people. In light of the heavy tole that this war, a preceding depression the nation was ready for a time of peace. The decade after this era stood in contrast, with numerous riots and turbulence due to major social changes. Because of this major contrast in two adjacent decades in history, many historians have come to conclusion that t he fifties were a time of conformity, and collectednessRead MoreLife During the 1960’s Essay672 Words   |  3 PagesDuring the 1960’s The 1960s was crammed full of many impacting events and important figures. From Hitchcock releasing one of the greatest thrillers of all time, Psycho, to Marilyn Monroe’s untimely death, to the infamous Woodstock festival. This era changed history completely and made the United States think twice about its youth. Events of the 1960s are still impacting our country as we know it today. The sudden pull from the conservative ‘50s changed America’s views on all aspects of life, including

Women in Pentecostalism free essay sample

Women were certainly not without opposition in the early Pentecostal movement. In spite of the opposition they faced, women conducted a significant portion of the evangelistic work in the movement. However, on a denominational level, women were not placed in positions of executive leadership (Tucker Liefeld, 1987, pg. 362). The Pentecostal answer to the question ‘What constitutes legitimate spiritual authority? ’ has brought about restrictions on the ministry of women in Pentecostal circles. According to the doctrine of Spirit baptism, authority for ministry resides in the manifestation of the Spirit rather than in the human vessel. This means that women were allowed a significant place within the Pentecostal movement but were not granted authority of a ministerial office. This brought about tension concerning the nature of women’s authority and their rights to ministerial office. Although it was normal for men and women to minister as equals, there existed a cultural understanding that women had a separate and limited sphere of activity. We will write a custom essay sample on Women in Pentecostalism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Women had the right to preach because such authority resided in the Holy Spirit but they were still distinct from men and under their authority. The statement that man is the head of the woman, found in 1 Corinthians 11:3-12, has been used to justify male superiority and to exclude women from spiritual leadership (Powers, 1999, pg. 321). CASE STUDIES Maria Woodworth-Etter (1884-1924) Maria Woodworth-Etter was born in Ohio in 1884. It was through the Disciples of Christ that she was converted as a teenager. She is considered to be one of the leading Spirits of the Pentecostal revival in the early twentieth century. Her revival movement began in the 1890’s in central Indiana. Many of her followers claimed miraculous healings and the gift of tongues. So significant was her career that Janet Wilson James suggests â€Å"her ministry may have been the origin of the worldwide Pentecostal movement. Although Maria felt called to the ministry, the many obstacles she faced seemed to make it impossible for her. She had little formal education and she had a husband who did not share her call to the ministry. Despite all the hurdles she faced, Maria did not doubt her call and eventually her ministry was a huge success. Maria joined the United Brethren Church, which gave its blessing to her preaching and church planting. One year after joining the United Brethren Church, her husband agreed to accompany her on an evangelistic tour and virtually nothing was mentioned of him after that. In 1891, Maria divorced her husband, P. H. Woodworth, charging him with adultery. In 1902, she married S. P Etter with whom she found the support she needed to continue with her ministry (Tucker Liefeld, 1987, pg. 362). In her sermon â€Å"Women’s Rights in the Gospel,† Maria uses scripture to urge her sisters in Christ to use their talents for the glory of God. She uses Joel’s prophecy, Acts 2:18-19 and John 4 to show that Jesus clearly commanded women to spread the gospel. She also uses the examples of women who prophesied in the Old Testament, and the women who worked with Paul as examples for Pentecostal women to imitate. She dismissed the passages on the silence of women as having less authority than the passages like Galatians 3:28 where women are seen as equal to men and 1 Corinthians 11:5 in which it is clear that women pray and prophesy in the churches Paul founded. This gift of prophecy is the greatest gift, and God has promised it to women. Her focus is on the importance of preaching the gospel, and she urges women not to let pleas of weakness hold them back from obeying God’s command and allowing Him to speak through them. Maria appeals primarily to the Pentecostal argument from scripture and makes very little reference to the Pentecostal understanding of Spirit baptism (Powers, 1999, pg. 318-319). Maria was a regular speaker in the early Pentecostal movements and witnessed many converts during her evangelistic revival meetings. Aimee Semple McPherson (1890-1944) Aimee Semple McPherson is known as one of the most remarkable, strange, and influential women of the early twentieth century. She is considered the most famous of the healing evangelists of the 1920’s. At the age of 28 and after an unhappy early personal life, she became a touring healing revivalist. After obtaining a Methodist exhorters licence, she began publishing a monthly magazine Bridal Call in 1917. In 1919 she became an Assemblies of God ordained minister but had to give that up in 1922. 1923, and at the peak of her success, Aimee built her own sect, the Foursquare Gospel Church. In 1924, she started the field of religious radio and opened station KFSG in Los Angeles. In 1927 she started the Angeles Temple Commissary which was famous for its food and other charity programs during the Great Depression. Although her personal, financial, and family life were quite a mess, this did not stop her from inspiring millions to have confidence in themselves and in God. Aimee died in 1944 of a reportedly accidental overdose of pills (Harrel, 1975). The strong influences that helped shape Aimee’s ministry included her first husband, her first Pentecostal pastor, and the Methodist church. Her ministry in China and Chicago created a lifelong zeal for missionary work and a love for those that were less fortunate. The greatest influencing factor in her life was the anointing of the Holy Spirit and her call to ministry of soul winning. It is it is encouraging to know that these extremely gifted women ministered with great success at a time in history that did not make life easy for them. Their call ministry seemed to supersede everything else in their lives, motivating them to pay a difficult price to fulfil Gods will. Their faithfulness is of great encouragement to every Pentecostal woman in ministry today. Not only did Aimee Semple McPherson break the barrier for woman evangelists during a time when women were not accepted in the pulpit, but she also built the largest church auditorium of her day, launched the first Christian radio station, established a Bible college, and birthed an entire denomination that is still growing today. She did all of this in the midst of the Great Depression during which one and a half million people received aid from her ministry. Maria has been called the grandmother of the Pentecostal movement. None other has done more than Maria to shed light on the convicting power of the Holy Spirit, the role of women in ministry, and the power of miracle crusades to revive a nation. In addition, Maria brought insight on how to effectively administrate massive miracle crusades, build sustainable ministry centres and manage opposition in the public arena. Her legacy is evidenced by the ongoing ministry work of healing evangelists around the world. Though, for the last six years of her life, she confined herself to ministering from the Tabernacle she had erected in Indianapolis, her healing anointing remained as powerful as ever.

Examine how globalisation has resulted in winners and losers free essay sample

Globalisation is the process by which the world is becoming increasingly interconnected as a result of massively increased trade and cultural exchange. Globalisation over the past hundred years has undoubtedly made the world more interconnected including closer societies, politics, economies, cultures and the environment. Globalisation has increased the production of goods and services. There are those who argue that globalisation creates winners and losers, as some countries prosper, mainly European countries and America, whilst other countries fail to do well. For example, USA and Europe fund their own agricultural industries heavily so less economically developed countries get priced out of certain markets, even though they should theoretically have an economic advantage, as their wages are lower. The globalisation of economies has resulted in many winners from the developed nations while also improving improved the standard of living in many developing nations. As well as this numerous winners include most western nations, some third world labourers and international institutions. The globalisation of nation’s economies has definitely improved the lives of millions across the planet, in both developed and developing countries. By far the major winner from this process has been the citizens and corporations of developed countries. This is due to many factors that have come to fruition in the later half of the twentieth century. Specifically, the roles of TNC’s, global financial institutions and consumerism all have ties to economic globalisation. Despite the criticisms that surround transnational corporations, they have been directly investing in developing countries and with their expansion into these markets, have actually raised the standard of living in many third world countries. An example of a transnational corporation creating winners with the globalisation process is McDonalds. This is a major example of globalization in both the economic and cultural sense, with nearly 50 million people around the world being served daily. The primary economic winner in recent times from McDonald’s globalisation process has been East Asia, as in 1975 when McDonald’s opened it first restaurant in Hong Kong, it brought with it a high standard of professional service and the first restaurant to continually offer a clean eating environment, which customers came to demand from all restaurants later. Another winner of the globalisation process, are the third world workers employed by transnational corporations. Although the western world sees sweatshops as immoral and unethical, the labourers who work in these places are often being paid a higher wage than most of their fellow citizens. This means through the economic globalisation process and cross border corporations, workers in developing countries have the opportunities to survive and beat the poverty cycle. While there have been many winners from economic globalisation, there have also been and will continue to be many losers. There have been many losers including most third world countries, the environment and ironically even most western countries. The primary loser from globalisation has been the developing countries, who have supplied the labour and raw material necessary to fuel globalisation. In many third world countries, globalisation has had the negative effect of creating sweatshops, where workers are paid low wages to do hard manual labour in often poor conditions. These sweatshops are run by transnational corporations, that have the aim of minimising costs by taking advantage of the relaxed labour laws often in developing countries. An example of a transnational corporation that uses sweatshops is Nike, as its shoes are made in many Asian countries at a low cost and then sold in western countries for a profit. After the goods are sold and the wages paid, the transnational corporations take any profit made back to their headquarters or home country. This leaves the developing countries in poverty as the workers are being exploited for a minimal wage while the country sees very little of the profits. However, not only are the developing countries affected by economic globalisation, the developed countries that are often at the center of globalisation also experience problems. A major loser that has resulted from the integration of economies specifically in times of economic downturn has been all economies, including both developing and developed. It can be seen that the primary losers from economic development are developing countries; however, developed countries can also be losers. Another significant loser from economic globalisation is the environment; this problem affects all countries on the planet and has been getting worse over time. The environment has been abused and neglected since the beginning of the industrial revolution and today is currently at a precipice. Developed countries are the worst offender when it comes to the abuse of the environment. There are positive aspects of globalisation as seen in developed countries, also now many developing countries are to some degree enjoying the benefits. However, transnational corporations and the developed world are still generally exploiting developing countries. Likewise, the planet’s environment is still being expended at a faster rate than it is being replenished or replaced and will surely cause problems for future generations. Therefore, it can be said that the globalisation process of integrating nation’s economies has had both positive and negative effects on the world.